Socio-Cultural Factors Influencing Uptake of Long-Acting Reversible Contraceptives among Reproductive Women in Kenya
Main Article Content
Abstract
Uptake of long-acting reversible contraceptives has been low among many women in Kenya. This has seen a surge in the number of unplanned pregnancies, which leads to continued poverty due to large sizes of families. This study therefore sought to establish the socio-cultural factors influencing the uptake of long-acting reversible contraceptives among women of reproductive age in Kenya. The study adopted descriptive cross sectional study design. The study was conducted in public hospitals in Kenya. The target population included the women of reproductive age of between 18 and 45 years. A sampling formula was used to identify the appropriate sample for the respondents. The 379 respondents identified were picked through simple random sampling. The data were collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. The collected data were analysed using descriptive statistics through SPSS version 26. The findings revealed that socio-cultural factors such as religious believe affected the uptake of long lasting reversible contraceptives among reproductive women in Kenya. The study concluded that through misconceived social cultural believes, the uptake of long lasting family planning methods/long-acting reversible contraceptives was minimal among reproductive women in Kenya. The study recommended the need for the government, the hospitals and other stakeholders to create awareness and education on the need for long-acting reversible contraceptives and other family planning methods among women. There is need for the communities to also embrace modern methods of family planning so as to stimulate their economic and social development.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.Penulis.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (Refer to The Effect of Open Access).
References
Anyanwu, J. C. (2013). Marital Status, Household Size, and Poverty in Nigeria: Evidence from the 2009/2010 Survey Data Working Paper Series N 180 African Development Bank, Tunis, Tunisia.
Apanga, P.. A., & Adam, M. A. (2015). Factors influencing the uptake of family planning services in the Talensi District, Ghana. Pan Afr Med J 20:10. 27.
Babitsch B, Gohl D, von Lengerke T (2012) Re-revisiting Andersen’s Behavioral Model of Health Services Use: a systematic review of studies from 1998 to 2011. Psychosoc Med. doi:10.3205/ psm000089
Bongaarts, J., & Hardee, K. (2017). The role of public-sector family planning programs in meeting the demand for contraception in Sub-Saharan Africa. International perspectives on sexual and reproductive health, 43(2), 41-50.
Eliason S, Baiden F, Quansah. G, Hayfron Y, Bonsu D, Phillips J, Asare K (2013) Factors influencing the intention of women in rural Ghana to adopt postpartum family planning. Reprod Health, 10(1):34.
Ghulam M, Azmat SK, Hameed W, Ishaque M (2015) Family Planning Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices among Married Men and Women in Rural Areas of Pakistan: Findings from a Qualitative Need Assessment Study. Int J Reprod Med.
Golden, S. D., McLeroy, K. R., Green, L. W., Earp, J. A. L., & Lieberman, L. D. (2015). Upending the social ecological model to guide health promotion efforts toward policy and environmental change.
Hartmann M, Gilles K, Shattuck D, Kerner B, Guest G (2012) Changes in couples’ communication as a result of a maleinvolvement family planning intervention. J Health Commun 17:802–819. doi:10.1080/10810730.2011.650825
Kamuyango, A., Hou, W. H., & Li, C. Y. (2020). Trends and contributing factors to contraceptive use in Kenya: A large population-based survey 1989 to 2014. International journal of environmental research and public health, 17(19), 7065.
Kassa M, Abajobir AA, Gedefaw M (2014) Level of male involvement and associated factors in family planning services utilization among married men in Debremarkos town, Northwest Ethiopia. 14: 33. 28.
Kenya National Bureau of Statistics (2015). Ministry of Health/Kenya, National AIDS Control Council/Kenya, Kenya Medical Research Institute, National Council for Population and Development/Kenya, ICF International. Kenya Demographic and Health Survey 2014. Rockville: ICF International.
Mahadeen AI, Khalil AO, Hamdan-Mansour AM, Sato T, Imoto A (2012) Knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards family planning among women in the rural southern region of Jordan. WHO East Mediterr Health J 18.
Masiano, S. P. (2019). The effects of community-based distribution of family planning services on contraceptive use: the case of a national scale-up in Malawi. Social Science and Medicine, vol. 238 (October), doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2019.112490.
Mercer, L. D., Lu, F., & Proctor, J. L. (2019). Sub-national levels and trends in contraceptive prevalence, unmet need, and demand for family planning in Nigeria with survey uncertainty. BMC Public Health, 19(1), 1-9.
Ochako R, Mbondo M., Aloo S, Kaimenyi S, Нompson R (2015) Barriers to modern contraceptive methods uptake among young women in Kenya: A qualitative study. BMC Public Health 15: 118.
Orach CG, Otim G, Aporomon JF, Amone R, Okello SA (2015) Perceptions, attitude and use of family planning services in post conflict Gulu district, northern Uganda. &onfl Health 9: 24.
Pilar, M. R., Cunningham-Williams, R. M., & Williams Woodson, S. L. L. (2020). Does the Andersen Behavioral Model of Health Services Use predict college students’ use of on-campus mental health services?. Journal of American college health, 68(6), 631-643.
Sharma, A. E., Frederiksen, B. N., Malcolm, N. M., Rollison, J. M., & Carter, M. W. (2018). Community education and engagement in family planning: updated systematic review. American journal of preventive medicine, 55(5), 747-758.
Smit J., McFadyen, L., Beksinska M. de Pinho, H., Morroni, C., Mqhayi, M., Parekh, A., and Zuma, K. (2012). Emergency Contraception in South Africa: Knowledge, Attitudes, and Use among Public Sector Primary Healthcare Clients. Contraception Vol. 64, No. 6: 333-7.
Stephenson, R., Baschieri, A., Clements, S., Hennick, M., and Madise, N. (2017). Contextual Influences on modern contraceptive Use in Sub-Saharan Africa, American Journal of Public Health, Vol. 97, No. 7:1233-1240.
Tregear, S. J., Gavin, L. E., & Williams, J. R. (2015). Systematic review evidence methodology: providing quality family planning services. American journal of preventive medicine, 49(2), S23-S30.
UNFPA. (2015). The Millennium Development Goals: Why Every Woman Counts?
United Nations – UN. (2020). World Family Planning 2020 Highlights; Accelerating action to ensure universal access to family planning. United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. https://www.un.org/development/desa/pd/sites/www.un.org.development.desa.pd/files/files/documents/2020/Sep/unpd_2020_worldfamilyplanning_highlights.pdf
USAID. (2016). Healthier Mothers and Children through Birth Spacing, Issue Brief. http://www.usaid.gov/our_work/global_health/pop/news/issue_briefs/healthy_birt hspacing.pdf
Wirsiy FS, Nsagha DS, Njajou OT, (2018). Determinants of Reproductive Health Needs of Adolescent Girls in Africa. African Journal of Integrated Health 8 (2018): 7.
Yameogo, W. M. E., Tran, N. T., Gaffield, M. E., Langwana, F., Kiarie, J., Kulimba, D. M., & Kouanda, S. (2018). Postpartum family-planning barriers and catalysts in Burkina Faso and the Democratic Republic of Congo: a multiperspective study. Open access journal of contraception, 9, 63.