Moral Values in Five Novels by Syahid Muhammad

manners. Moral values are important values because they form the basis for behavior. Instilling moral values can be done in the world of education through studying literature. Literature learning can provide students with an understanding of moral values. This research aims to explain the moral values in five novels by Syahid Muhammad. The approach used is a pragmatic and structural approach as well as descriptive analysis. Research data was obtained through semiotic reading, namely heuristic reading. Data were analyzed using hermeneutics. This research obtained the results that the five novels by Syahid Muhammad contained three moral values, namely the moral value of human relationships with God, the moral values of human relationships with themselves, and the moral values of human relationships with other humans. Moral values that have a relationship between humans and God include prayer, gratitude, faith, piety, trust, and regret. Moral values that have a relationship between humans and themselves include honesty, responsibility, healthy living, discipline, hard work, self-confidence, entrepreneurial spirit, logical thinking, creative innovation, independence, curiosity and love of knowledge. Finally, there are moral values that relate to the relationship between humans and other humans, including caring for others, helping each other, deliberation, living in harmony, forgiveness, keeping promises, and respecting other people. The more dominant moral values are prayer, gratitude, honesty, logical thinking, creativity, innovation, caring for others, forgiveness

Literary works can appear by presenting the author's idealized models of life which cover various aspects of life, such as ways of thinking, thinking, acting, behaving, and so on.The morals contained in a literary work describe the author's own thoughts and thoughts about the value of truth related to a person's morals or manners whose purpose is to be conveyed to the reader.The very strategic role of literature can be used as a means of introducing culture and life values by integrating it into learning at every level of education.
Novels are literary works that present story ideas that require a certain meaning.The meaning in this novel can then become a particular lesson.This research examines the moral values in five novels by Syahid Muhammad.The novel used as the subject of this research is a novel by Syahid which was published in the last 5 years.The novel by Syahid Muhammad tells the story of everyday human life with all its problems in an interesting plot.The moral values contained in this novel by Syahid Muhammad can be used as an alternative for teachers to use as teaching material in the literature learning process.This is because the novel by Syahid Muhammad represents everyday life starting from love, friendship, family which turns out to be very relevant to everyday life so that it can then be used as teaching material that has good life messages which can later have a good influence as well.for students.The novel by Syahid Muhammad was chosen for this research because the researcher believes that the novel meets the criteria as literary teaching material.
This assumption is based on the quality of the novel by Syahid Muhamad.Apart from presenting an interesting story, this novel also contains good values which can be used as a means of instilling values in students.The story presented in the novel Syahid Muhammad is also easy to understand because it uses everyday language.Then, if it is related to the target readership, the novel by Syahid Muhammad is appropriate for high school students.One of the stories raised in the novel by Syahid Muhammad is the struggle to resolve the problems in life experienced by the characters with the spirit of struggle.This is believed to fulfill the requirements as literary teaching material seen from the suitability of the content of the story with the psychological development of the target readers.
Apart from that, the stories about life contained in the novels by Syahid Muhammad are closely related to the reality of life.The novel by Syahid Muhammad also has a mental health theme so it is very relevant to take the messages in the novel to use as learning values in life.Based on the explanation above, researchers are interested in conducting research with the title Moral Values in Five Novels by Syahid Muhammad.This research was conducted to determine the content of moral values.(in Nurgiyantoro, 2013: 11), explains that the term novel comes from Italian, namely novella which has the meaning of a small new item, then the definition of novel has developed and is currently defined as a short story in prose form.This new small item is because novels are new literary works compared to literary works such as poetry, drama and others.Even though it is still new, the novel is a literary work that is popular among society.A novel is an essay in the form of long prose that contains a series of stories about the life of a person, other people or society that emphasizes the character's character.Novels are classified as a form of literary work which contains cultural, social, moral and educational values.Novels present a model of life by appointing certain story characters as the perpetrators of that life.The character is given characteristics, attitudes, character and actions.This model of life is known as moral values.Moral values are actions or actions carried out in accordance with environmental acceptance.Morals will refer to teachings about good or bad that are generally accepted regarding actions, attitudes, obligations, morals, manners, morals and so on.Novels contain moral values because various aspects of life can be studied and understood through everything played by the characters, including various things that lie in the characters' backgrounds, whether motivations or the characters' socio-cultural conditions.Barnita (2013: 126) explains that literary narrative can be a complex, heterogeneous, innovative and creative strategy for formation, reform and moral education.Studies related to morals in literature, especially fiction, are generally carried out for literature learning in schools, namely related to plans for selecting appropriate teaching materials.

Abrams
In general, the number of literary works in various types is very large, but they do not necessarily suit the needs of students, especially those related to meaning content.The meaning content in question is meaning content that contains moral elements that are in accordance with students' cognitive development or are the focus of learning.Literary works can be seen as a strategic means to achieve the goals of character education through adapted life models

III. Research Methods
The approach used is a pragmatic and structural approach as well as descriptive analysis.Then, the research data is in the form of words, sentence fragments, phrases, clauses, or discourse fragments in the novel which are thought to contain moral values.The form of data is in the form of quotations from novels by Syahid Muhammad which are in the form of words, sentences or dialogue from characters.The data sources in this research are 5 novels by Syahid Muhammad with the titles "Egocentric", "Paradigm", "You Are Not Alone", "Sit First, Don't Forget to Be Human", and the last one is "You are Being Formed".The five novels were published from 2018 to 2023.Research data was obtained through semiotic reading, namely heuristic reading.The data was analyzed hermeneutically.Checking the validity of the data is carried out with increased diligence and discussion with colleagues.Data is presented informally because the data is described in formal or standard words.Informal methods are used so that data can be presented more clearly.Furthermore, the research instruments used consist of 1) the researcher himself (human instrument); and 2) research instruments in the form of data cards.A researcher acts as a human instrument whose function is to determine the research focus, determine informants as data sources, collect data, assess the quality of the data, carry out data analysis, interpret the data, and draw conclusions about the findings.Researchers with all their knowledge and understanding will try to describe the types of moral values contained in the five novels by Syahid Muhammad.Then, researchers use instruments in the form of data cards made in tabular form to identify and classify research data.

IV. Discussion
The moral values in the five novels by Syahid Muhammad are focused on story-based moral values developed by Subur.These moral values include the moral values of human relationships with God, humans with other humans and humans with themselves.The following is the explanation

Moral Values in the Egocentric Novel by Syahid Muhammad
The results of the analysis of moral values in the Egocentric novel only have 19 sub-values consisting of the relationship between humans and God, namely prayer, gratitude, piety, trust in the appearance of each moral value in the attitude of praying 7 times, being grateful 1 time, being devout 1 time, put your trust 3 times; The relationship between humans and themselves is honest, healthy lifestyle, discipline, hard work, critical logistical thinking, creative and innovative, independent, curious, love of knowledge with the emergence of each moral value in an honest attitude 3 times, healthy lifestyle 1 time , discipline 1 time, hard work 1 time, creative and innovative critical logistics thinking 4 times, independent 1 time, curious 2 times, love of knowledge 1 time; relationships with other humans, namely caring for others, helping each other, deliberating, living in harmony, forgiving, keeping promises, respecting other people with the emergence of each moral value in the attitude of caring for others 11 times, helping each other 3 times, deliberating 3 times, living in harmony 2 times, forgiving 3 times, keeping promises 3 times, respecting others 4 times

Moral Values in the Novel Paradigm by Syahid Muhammad
The results of the analysis of moral values in the novel Paradigma only have 19 sub-values consisting of the human relationship with God, namely gratitude, faith, trust, delivery by displaying each moral value in an attitude of gratitude 1 time, faith 1 time, trust 1 time, variety 1 time; Human relationships with themselves are honesty, healthy lifestyle, discipline, hard work, self-confidence, logical thinking, critical, creative and innovative, independent, curious, with the emergence of each moral value in an honest attitude 3 times, lifestyle healthy 2 times.discipline 1 time, hard work 1 time, self-confidence 2 times, creative and innovative critical logistics thinking 5 times, independence 2 times, curiosity 1 time; relationships with other humans, namely caring for others, helping each other, deliberation, living in harmony, forgiving, keeping promises, respecting other people with the emergence of their respective moral values in caring for others 4 times, helping each other 7 times, deliberating 1 time, live in harmony twice, forgive twice, keep promises twice, respect others 6 times

Moral Values in the Novel You Are Not Alone by Syahid Muhammad
The results of the analysis of moral values in the novel Kamu Not Alone only have 20 subvalues consisting of the relationship between humans and God, namely prayer, gratitude, faith, piety, trust, repentance with the appearance of each moral value in the attitude of prayer as much as 1 klai, gratitude as much as 8 once, believe once, fear once, trust once, repent once; Human relations with themselves are honest, responsible, hard working, self-confident, thinking logically, critically, creatively and innovatively, independent, curious, love of knowledge with the emergence of each moral value in an honest attitude 3 times, responsible 2 times.work hard 2 times, be confident 6 times, think logically, critically, creatively and innovatively 11 times, be independent 2 times, be curious 4 times, love knowledge 2 times; human relations with other humans, namely caring for others, helping each other, deliberation, living in harmony, forgiveness, respecting others with the emergence of each moral value in an attitude of caring for others 4 times, helping each other 4 times, deliberating 1 time, living in harmony 4 times 5 times, forgiving 11 times, respecting others 6 times.

Moral Values in the Novel Sit First, Don't Forget to Be Human by Syahid Muhammad
The results of the analysis of moral values in the novel Sit First Don't Forget to Be Human only has 13 sub-values consisting of the human relationship with God, namely faith, trust, with the appearance of each moral value in the attitude of faith 1 time, trust in 4 times; Man's relationship with himself is honest, responsible, healthy lifestyle, hard work, self-confidence.thinking logically creatively innovative, independent with the emergence of each moral value in an honest attitude 6 times, responsible 11 times, lifestyle 9 times, working hard 5 times, selfconfidence 2 times, thinking logically creative innovative 11 times , independent 6 times; human relations with other humans, namely caring for others, helping each other, forgiving, respecting others with the emergence of each moral value in an attitude of caring for others 4 times, helping 2 times, forgiving 5 times and respecting others 1 time.

Moral Values in the Novel You Are Being Formed by Syahid Muhammad
The results of the analysis of moral values in the novel Kau Are Terhadap only have 13 sub-values consisting of the relationship between humans and God, namely praying, being grateful, placing trust in each moral value in the attitude of praying 14 times, giving thanks 3 times, putting trust in 4 times.; The relationship between humans and themselves is honest, responsible, hard working, self-confident, thinking logically, creative, innovative, independent, with the emergence of each moral value in an honest attitude 3 times, being responsible 3 times, working hard 4 times, being self-confident 3 times.4 times, logical thinking 8 times, independent 6 times; human relations with other humans, namely caring for others, living in harmony, forgiving, respecting others with the emergence of each moral value in an attitude of caring for others 5 times, living in harmony 5 times, forgiving 2 times and respecting others 5 times.The dominant moral values are prayer, gratitude, honesty, thinking logically, creatively innovative, caring for others, forgiving, respecting others.Based on the identification results presented above, it can be concluded that the five novels by Syahid Muhammad contain the moral value of relationship with God, relationship with himself.and relationships with other humans.
The five novels by Syahid Muhammad are popular novels in the last 5 years published by Gradien Mediatama.These five novels are included in the modern literary genre.These five novels are very interesting for literature enthusiasts or the general public to read.These five novels contain moral values of life which can be life lessons for readers or lovers of literature.These five novels tell stories about everyday life related to life problems and mental health.These five novels tell a lot about family problems, problems with lovers, problems with other people and problems with oneself.
These five novels emphasize the conflicts experienced in the form of intrapsychic conflicts.He experiences too many conflicts so he doesn't care about social life.These five novels are included in the mental health themed novels.The moral values of the characters in these novels can be used as examples in everyday life.The most moral values in these five novels, for example caring for others, respecting others, forgiveness, helping each other, thinking logically, working hard, praying, are values that can motivate readers who read this novel.

a. Forms of Transmission of Moral Values Used by the Author in Five Novels
In general, the form of conveying morals in novels is conveyed directly and indirectly.However, the choice of delivery technique is generally considered to be practical only because there may be an indirect moral message that requires a meaning process.In a novel, it is not uncommon for us to find hidden messages that many people don't feel much about, but it is also possible that on the contrary, there are direct messages that are shown without the need for indepth meaning.The delivery of moral values in the five novels is presented directly and indirectly in the narrative.

Direct Delivery
The delivery of a direct moral message is presented by depicting the character's character in the form of a description, telling, or explanation, expository.If in the description technique the author directly describes the characters which are usually informative to make it easier for the reader, this is also the same in conveying a moral message.In these five novels the author also conveys it directly to the reader.The moral that he wants to convey or teach through these five novels is done explicitly, meaning that the author openly shows it through this attitude, which the author does to directly give advice and advice without the reader having to interpret it.

Indirect Delivery
The delivery of a moral message is indirect, presented in a coherent way with other story elements.Readers may not necessarily be able to take away the message that the author really understands.The message conveyed by the author is likely to be misunderstood.The message is only implied in the story, the moral value is conveyed through the events and conflicts contained in it which are addressed to the reader.

b. The Form of Moral Values in Five Novels by Syahid Muhammad.
Moral is one of the messages that the author wants to convey to readers.This value is the meaning contained in a literary work conveyed through the medium of stories.In essence, moral values cover broad and unlimited matters, this is because moral values themselves cover issues related to life issues, issues related to human dignity and worth.In general, issues of life and human life are classified into two, namely human relationships with themselves, human relationships with other humans in terms of the social scope and also their relationship with the natural environment, and including human relationships with God.

The Manifestation of Moral Values in Human Relations with God
The relationship between humans and God contained in a literary work aims to provide readers with inner reflections on life that are based on religious values.Humans' relationship with God always has more capacity than other creatures, even though humans' relationship with the creator is shown in various ways.In the five novels, relationships are found in the form of belief in God, such as having faith in trust, being devout, giving thanks to God, praying and repenting.

The Manifestation of Moral Values in Human Relations with Themselves
Human relationships with themselves are categorized in the form of moral teachings relating to individuals as individuals which show the existence of individuals with various attitudes attached to themselves.In these five novels there are several forms of moral values in human relationships with themselves which of course have good values that can applied by readers.The manifestations of moral values in humans' relationships with themselves in this novel include honesty, responsibility, healthy living, discipline, hard work, self-confidence, entrepreneurial spirit, logical thinking, independence, curiosity and love of knowledge.

Manifestation of Moral Values in Human Relations with Other Humans
Human relationships with other humans are essentially related to social life.Problems between human life and their environment can be negative and positive.Humans will be interconnected with the environment, remembering that humans are essentially social creatures.The manifestation of moral values in human relations with other humans in the form of the values of caring for others, helping each other, deliberating, living in harmony, forgiving, keeping promises, respecting others.

V. Conclusion
Quality literary works must contain good values to be applied in life, for example educational, moral, religious values, and have constructive and entertaining qualities.One type of literary work is a novel.Novels have interesting stories because they have complicated characters and conflicts.Novels contain moral values so that the author is able to convey meaning to readers through stories that describe the author's thoughts and thoughts about the value of truth related to a person's morals or manners.Moral values are important values because they form the basis for behavior.Instilling moral values can be done in the world of education through studying literature.Literature learning can provide students with an understanding of moral values.
This research emphasizes the moral values contained in five novels written by Syahid Muhammad.It was concluded that from the results of the data analysis that had been carried out, in the five novels by Syahid Muhammad there were moral values which included the moral values of human relationships with God, humans with other humans, and humans with themselves.The dominant moral values are prayer, gratitude, honesty, creative and innovative logical thinking, caring for others, forgiveness and respect for others.